1. Flutists and the Königliche Musici at the Dresden Court    17
    The Bande Hautboisten    20
    Sacred Music    24
    Reorganization of the ChurfürstlicheKapelle   24
    The Polish Chapel    26
    The Catholic Chapel in Dresden    33
    Secular Music    36
    The Königliche und Kurfürstliche Kapelle   36
    The Bande Französische Comoedianten and the Orchestra    38
    Chamber Music and the Cammer Musici   49
    Flauto in the Dresden Scores and Parts: Transverse Flute or Recorder?    56
    The Dresden Flutists    59
    Summary    67

2. Quantz's Flutes: Their Characteristics and Playing Technique    69
    Quantz's early exposure to the transverse flute    70
    Quantz's role as builder    72
    Maker's mark    76
    Quantz's flutes: provenance and chronology    82
    Flute boxes    89
    Aesthetics, playing style, and Quantz's flutes    91
    Intonation and tuning    95
    Cork placement    113
    Embouchure    117
    Flute tone    127
    The bores of Quantz's flutes    131
    Undercutting and overcutting    135
    Corps de rechange and playing pitch    137
    The tuning slide    147
    Hand position    149
    Balance    152
    Summary    153

3. Quantz's Dresden Compositions    155
    Quantz's pre-Dresden training    158
    Quantz's early compositions    161
    The sonatas of D B-2 Mus. ms. 18020    166
    The influence of Italian vocal music    174
    The dotted style    189
    Further aspects of Quantz's Dresden compositions    196
    The Anfangsstücke    196
    Tonalities in Quantz's music    198
    The Hasse style    206
    The Handel style    210
    A Dresden origin for the empfindsamer Stil?    215
    Quantz's published sonatas    223
    The Sonates italiennes (1729)    227
    Walsh's Opus 2 (1732 and 1739)    233
    Sei Sonate, Opera Prima (Dresden, 1734)    235
    The Dresden works for multiple soloists (trios and concertos)    238
    Dresden arrangements of trios    242
    Trios auf Concertenart    247
    Trios by J. G. and C. H. Graun    261
    Performance practice and performing forces in the concertos    265
    Concerti grossi    267
    Solo concerti    277
    Ornamentation and cadenzas    282

4. Flute Writing in Dresden Concerted Works    285
    The flute in sacred works    289
    Zelenka    290
    Hasse    323
    Heinichen    329
    Opera at Dresden    336
    Lotti    336
    Lotti and the "bird aria"    341
    Conclusion    358

5. The Significance of Quantz and the Dresden Flute Style for the Bach Circle    358
    Bach and Dresden musicians    361
    Bach's acquaintance with works by Dresden composers    364
    Quantz's acquaintance with Bach    366
    Bach's early flute writing    374
    The trio-sonata in the Musical Offering: Berlin, 1747    381
    Style at Berlin    383
    The "royal theme"    394
    Tonality and affect    398
    Instrumentation: the flute    407
    Pitch and keyboard instruments    414
    The E-Major Sonata, BWV 1035    425
    Conclusion    436
    Epilogue: Quantz and the empfindsamer Stil   439

Part 2

Program of the Attached Recording: Quantz and the Flute at Dresden:
Virtuoso Flute Music at the Royal Saxon Court    449
    General Remarks on the Recording    453
    The instruments    456

1. Johann Joachim Quantz: Sonata in D Major for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:42    460
    Performance-practice annotations    460
    Critical report    467
    Facsimile (D B-1 KH M. 4335, "Pour Potsdam / No. 277")    469

2. Johann Joachim Quantz: Sonata in G Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:116    477
    Performance-practice annotations    477
    Critical report    483
    Edition    485

3. Quantz: Trio Sonata in D Major for Two Flutes and Continuo, QV 2:15    499
    Performance-practice annotations    499
    Critical report    510
    Edition    513

4. Quantz: Sonata in C Major for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:9    536
    Performance-practice annotations    536
    Critical report    537
    Edition    539

5. Georg Philipp Telemann: Fantasia I in A Major for Unaccompanied Transverse Flute, TWV 40:2    552
    Performance-practice annotations    552
    Critical report    554
    Facsimile    555

6. Johann Joachim Quantz: Sonata in G Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:128    557
    Performance-practice annotations    557
    Critical report    559
    Edition    561

7. Johann Joachim Quantz: Trio-Sonata in Eb for Two Flutes and Continuo, QV 2:17    571
    Performance-practice annotations    571
    Critical report    577
    Edition    580

Appendices

1. "A Museum, a World War, and a Rediscovery: Flutes by Quantz and Others in the Hohenzollern Museum"    599
    Provenance of flutes from the Hohenzollern Museum, Berlin    634
        Section A: Flutes by Quantz    634
        Section B: Provenance of other flutes 638

2. Inventory of the Hohenzollern Museum, Berlin, circa 1930 640

3. Provenance of the Flute by Quantz US Wc: DCM, 916 643

4. Copyists and Sources    648
    Berlin copies of Quantz's Dresden concertos649
    Chronology of Quantz's compositions    652
    The main scribes    653
        Scribe A    653
        Johann Georg Pisendel    660
        Carl Heinrich Graun    662
        Johann Joachim Quantz    662
        Scribe D    665
        Berlin Scribe B1    669

5. Catalogue of Manuscripts Copied by Johann Joachim Quantz: A Preliminary Checklist 670

6. Concordances and Inventories    681
    Concordance of solo sonatas and concertos in Frederick II's collection with QV    681
        Solo sonatas    681
        Concertos    683
    Printed collections of music by or attributed to Quantz appearing before 1741    688
        Solo sonatas    688
        Trio sonatas    690
        Detailed concordance of published sonatas    691

Bibliography 702

List of Tables

1.1. The Polish Chapel, 1725    31
1.2. Woodwind players of the theater orchestra, 1709    44
1.3a. Transverse flutists employed at the Dresden court before 1756    60
1.3b. Players denoted as Flautenist or Flutti, but not Flute Allemande    64
2.1. Short list of authentic Quantz flutes    77
2.2. Payments to Quantz by the Prussian court for instruments, from accounts in GSTA    84
2.3. Frederick II's expenditures for other flute-related items    85
2.4. Tuning scheme of Quantz's flutes with respect to equal temperament    103
2.5. Theoretical calculations for pitch and cork placement for corps de rechange    116
3.1. Manuscript collection, D B-2 Mus. ms. 18020, transmitting early Quantz solo sonatas for traverso and continuo    167
3.2. Quantz's sonatas with first movements in continuo-aria style    182
3.3. Quantz's first movements with a long-note opening    186
3.4. Newly identified trios by the Grauns in the Solfeggi and those in the Dresden flute repertory    263
3.5. Performing forces in the Concerto in G, QV 6:6 271    263
4.1. Zelenka's Dresden sacred vocal works with flute    293
4.2. Performing forces for an opera at Schloß Hubertusburg, Oct. 7, 1736 (?)    348

List of Figures

2.1. Johann Friedrich Gerhard, Portrait of Johann Joachim Quantz (ca. 1735), Bayreuth, Eremitage, Altes Schloß    81
2.2. Quantz's two keys for D# (upper) and Eb (lower)    99
2.3. Head joint with ivory cap removed to show ivory screw used for adjusting position of cork    115
2.4. Illustration of a Quantz flute for the article by Castillon in the Supplément (1777) to Diderot's Encyclopédie   120
2.5. Mechanical drawing of head joint and tuning slide (D Berlin: MIM, 5076) showing notches for head joint alignment    122
2.6. La Lutherie, planche IX, showing head joint with embouchure hole turned in (figs. 28 and 39)    124
2.7. Bore graph of Quantz flute US Wc: DCM, 916 (complete flute)    133
2.8. Corps de rechange (interchangeable middle joints)    139

List of Musical Examples

3.1. Handel, Sonata in D Major for Flute and Continuo, HWV 378, third movement (complete)    176
3.2. Quantz, Sonata in G Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:116, third movement    177
3.3a. Quantz, Sonata in G Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:116, fourth movement, mm. 1-16    178
3.3b. Handel, "Signor, lo credi a me," from Admeto, act 3    179
3.4. Quantz, Sonata in C Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:15, first movement, mm. 1-7    181
3.5. Alessandro Scarlatti, "Già mai la lontananza farà," from Eraclea, act 3, scene 7: (a) mm. 1-6, (b) mm. 23-6    184
3.6. Handel, "Cara sposa," from Rinaldo, act 1    187
3.6.1. Quantz, Sonata in Eb Major for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:57, first movement, mm. 1-2    191
3.6.2. Quantz, Sonata in D Major for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:45, first movement, mm. 1-4    191
3.6.3. Handel, Sonata in E Minor for Flute and Continuo, HWV 379, first movement, mm. 1-2    195
3.7. Hasse, "Se trovo perdono" from Cleofide, act 2    208
3.8. Quantz, Sonata in A Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:149, first movement, mm. 1-5    214
3.9. Quantz, Sonata in A Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:148, first movement, mm. 22-5    217
3.10. Quantz, Sonata in G Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:114, first movement, mm. 47-63    219
3.11a. Quantz, Sonata in D Major for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:42, second movement, mm. 1-3    222
3.11b. Quantz, Concerto in G Minor for Flute, Strings, and Continuo, QV 5:193, second movement, mm. 1-3    222
3.12. Quantz, Sonata in D Major for Two Flutes and Continuo, QV 2:15, second movement, mm. 64-72    253
3.13. Quantz, Concerto in B Minor for Flute, Strings, and Continuo, QV 5:272, first movement, mm. 173-9    256
3.14a. Quantz, Sonata in D Major for Two Flutes and Continuo, QV 2:15, first movement, mm. 1-3    257
3.14b. Handel, Sonata in D Major for Flute and Continuo, HWV 378, first movement, mm. 1-3    257
3.15. Trio in Eb Major for Two Flutes and Continuo, QV 2:17 (QV 2:Anh. 10), second movement, mm. 25-32    259
3.16a. Quantz, Sonata in Eb Major for Two Flutes and Continuo, QV 2:17 (2:Anh.10), fourth movement, mm. 64-72    260
3.16b. Telemann, Concerto a tre in A for Flute, Oboe d'amore, and Continuo, TWV 42:A9, third movement, mm. 35-8    261
3.17a. Quantz, Sonata in G Major for Flute, Violin, and Continuo, QV 2:29, first movement, mm. 1-3    265
3.17b. C.H. Graun, Sonata in G for Flute, Violin, and Continuo, W. 73 (= QV 2:Anh.23), first movement, mm. 1-3    265
3.18. Quantz, Concerto in D Major for Flute, Strings, and Continuo, QV 5:47, second movement, mm. 79-83    284
4.1a. Zelenka, Requiem ZWV 46 (1733), Benedictus, flute 1    300
4.1b. J.S. Bach, Hercules auf dem Scheidewege, BWV 213, duet "Herr, dein Mitleid," mm. 1-8    300
4.1c. J.S. Bach, O holder Tag, erwünschte Zeit, BWV 210, "Schweigt, ihr Flöten," mm. 1-2    300
4.2. Zelenka, Missa Divi Xaverii, ZWV 12, Agnus Dei, mm. 1-13    302
4.3. Zelenka, Missa Purificationis, ZWV 16, Domine Deus, mm. 1-4    309
4.4. Zelenka, I penitenti, ZWV 63 (1736), adagio, mm. 1-3, from D Dl Mus. 2358-D-73 (autograph)    316
4.5. Zelenka, I penitenti, ZWV 63, final chorus, "Miserere mio Dio," mm. 1-5    318
4.6. Zelenka, I penitenti, ZWV 63, final chorus, "Miserere mio Dio," mm. 20-30    320
4.7. Hasse, Sant Elena al Calvario, Introduzione all'Oratorio, mm. 1-3    326
4.8. Hasse, Le Virtù appiè della croce, act 1, aria "Debil sesso infirma etade," mm. 63-71    328
4.9. Heinichen, Missa 5 in D Major (1726), Concertino, mm. 79-93    335
4.10. Lotti, Teofane, act 2, "Rosignoli, che celebrate," mm. 1-8    342
4.11. Handel, Rinaldo, act 1, "Augelletti, che cantate," mm. 13-18    343
4.12. Handel, Acis and Galatea, "Hush ye pretty warbling quire!" mm. 21-5    344
4.13. Vivaldi, Concerto Il gardellino, RV 90, first movement, (a) mm. 58-61; (b) mm. 13-17    346
4.14. Hasse, Asteria, act 3, "Non vi dolga o piaggie amene," mm. 84-8    352
4.15. Hasse, Asteria, act 3, "Non vi dolga o piaggie amene," mm. 37-40    353
4.16a. Hasse, L'Olimpiade, "Mentre dormi Amor fomenti," mm. 33-9    357
4.16b. Hasse, L'Olimpiade, "Mentre dormi Amor fomenti," mm. 55-71     357
5.1a. Quantz, Sonata in C Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:15, fourth movement, mm. 1-12    375
5.1b. J.S. Bach, Partita in A Minor for Unaccompanied Flute, BWV 1013, fourth movement, mm. 1-6 and 58-65    375
5.2a. Quantz, Trio Sonata in C Minor for Two Flutes and Continuo, QV 2:3, fourth movement, mm. 1-5    387
5.2b. Quantz, Concerto in C Minor for Flute, Strings, and Continuo, QV 5:36, second movement, mm. 1-6    387
5.2c. Quantz, Trio Sonata in G Minor for Flute, Violin, and Continuo, QV 2:34, second movement, mm. 47-56    388
5.2d. Quantz, Sonata in E Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:71, first movement, mm. 6-16    389
5.3a. J.S. Bach, Ricercar a 3 BWV 1079/1, mm. 1-9    395
5.3b. Frederick II of Prussia, Sonata in C Minor for Flute and Continuo, third movement, mm. 1-4    395
5.3c. Zelenka, I penitenti al sepolchro del Redentore, first movement, mm. 24-32    397
5.4. Quantz, Sonata in G Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:114, third movement, mm. 84-98 and 54-9    400
5.5. Quantz, Sonata in Eb Major for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:52, first movement, mm. 65-70    401
5.6. Quantz, Sonata in C Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:14, first movement, mm. 1-16    402
5.7a. J.S. Bach, Sonata in E Minor for Flute and Continuo, BWV 1034, second movement, mm. 16-18    429
5.7b. Quantz, Sonata in E Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:78, second movement, mm. 67-69    429
5.7c. Quantz, Concerto in E Minor for Flute, Strings, and Continuo, QV 5:121, first movement, mm. 40-3    430
5.8a. J.S. Bach, Sonata in E Major for Flute and Continuo, BWV 1035, first movement, mm. 1-4    433
5.8b. Quantz, Sonata in Bb Major for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:159, first movement, mm. 1-4    433
5.9a. J.S. Bach, Sonata in E Major for Flute and Continuo, BWV 1035, second movement, mm. 1-8    435
5.9b. Quantz, Sonata in E Major for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:61, second movement, mm. 1-6    435
5.10a. J.S. Bach, Sonata in E Major for Flute and Continuo, BWV 1035, second movement, mm. 69-70    436
5.10b. Quantz, Sonata in E Major for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:61, third movement, m. 68    436
5.11. C.P.E. Bach, Sonata in B Minor for Keyboard, Wq. 49/6 (H. 36), first movement, mm. 65-7    440
5.12. C.P.E. Bach, Concerto in D Minor for Keyboard and Strings, Wq. 23 (H.427), second movement, mm. 1-6    442
5.13a. Quantz, Concerto in D Minor for Flute, Strings, and Continuo, QV 5:81, first movement, mm. 1-15    444
5.13b. C.P.E. Bach, Concerto in D Minor for Keyboard and Strings, Wq. 23 (H. 427), third movement, mm. 1-6    445
5.13c. C.P.E. Bach, Concerto for in D Minor for Keyboard and Strings, Wq. 23 (H. 427), first movement, mm. 30-6    445
ii.1. Examples of tempo rubato from the Versuch (xiii.15, table X, fig. 4)    464
ii.2. Tempo rubato in Quantz, Sonata in D Major for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:42, second movement, mm. 39-43    465
ii.3. Quantz, Sonata in G Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:116, first movement, bass part, mm. 1-2    478
ii.4. Quantz, Sonata in D Major for Two Flutes and Continuo, QV 2:15, second movement, mm. 12-15, with articulations from Quantz's Solfeggi   505
ii.5. Quantz, Sonata in D Major for Two Flutes and Continuo, QV 2:15, second movement, mm. 35-7, with articulations from Solfeggi   507
ii.6. Quantz, Sonata in D Major for Two Flutes and Continuo, QV 2:15, second movement, mm. 1-4    509
ii.7. Quantz, Sonata in D Major for Two Flutes and Continuo, QV 2:15, fourth movement, flute 1, mm. 72-7    512
ii.8. Quantz, Sonata in G Minor for Flute and Continuo, QV 1:128, second movement, mm. 26-7    558
ii.9. Quantz, Sonata in E= Major for Two Flutes and Continuo, QV 2:17, first movement, mm. 34-7    574

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